Textile Testing: Fiber, Yarn, Fabric, and Garments test

Textile Testing of Different Stages: Fiber, Yarn, Fabric, and Garments test

Testing is a process or method through which materials are checked and verified. Any testing is a quality control process for a material. Evaluating the quality of an object by some standard/ method of ISO, ASTM, AATCC, or any other test method. It can be a strength test, performance test, or chemical and physical properties test. This content is about Textile Testing of Fiber, Yarn, Fabric, and Garments.

Textile Testing

Textile is a broad term that has textile fiber, Yarn, Fabrics, and apparel (garments/clothing). Textile testing is a process by which physical, mechanical and chemical properties tests are carried out on textile fiber, yarn, fabrics, and even on garments. For example, different properties tests of fiber, yarn, fabric strength test, fabric performance test, Rubbing Test, Color Fastness Test, Blasting Test, etc. Generally, these tests are done as per the buyer’s requirement. Textile Testing is on different stages of textile materials from fiber to Clothing, here explained all stages one by one. Hope you would love this to read. Today we will know about the various tests that are done in the textile and apparel industry.

Different Textile Testing of Fiber, Yarn, Fabric, and Garments

Textile Fiber and Yarn Tests

1. Identification of fiber
2. Grading
3. Fiber length
4. Strength and elongation; tensile properties
5. The fineness or linear density test
6. Maturity test
7. Trash, neps test, etc.
8. Yarn count or linear density
9. Twist per unit length
10. Strength and elongation i.e. tensile properties
11. Appearance
12. Evenness and regularity
13. Hairiness

Chemical Test of Fabric and Apparel

1. pH test
2. Formaldehyde spot test
3. Nickel spot test
4. Formaldehyde content
5. Colorfastness to washing
6. Colorfastness to water
7. Colorfastness to perspiration
8. Colorfastness to saliva
9. Colorfastness to ozone
10. Colorfastness to dry cleaning
11. Colorfastness to seawater
12. Colorfastness to chlorine / non-chlorine bleach
13. Fiber content
14. Phenolic yolks– If a lot of fabric is left for a long time, the fabric lot becomes yellow, usually this problem is seen when the fabric of the lot is left for a long time. So this test is done on the fabric lot and if it passes this test the fabric lot stays good for many days.
15. Die transfer to storage Chlorinated pool water

Colorfastness test of Fabric and Apparel

1. Washing fastness test
2. Perspiration (Acid & Alkali) Fastness Test
3. Saliva fastness test
4. Rubbing (Dry & Oil) Fastness Test– This test is done to find out whether the fabric is colored due to friction. This test is done under two conditions. For example: wet and dry. The reason for the test is to know whether the color of the fabric comes out by friction when the fabric is wet and dry. This is respectively called wet dry rubbing test.
5. Water fastness test
6. Light fastness test
7. Organic Solvent Fastness Test
8. Ozone Fastness Test
9. Sea Water Fastness Test
10. Chlorinated water fastness test
11. Dry cleaning fastness test
12. Dry heat fastness test
13. Hot pressing fastness test
14. Alkali spotting fastness test
15. Felonious yoling
16. Bleaching
17. Chlorine bleaching
18. Non-chlorine bleaching
19. Actual laundering
20. Effect of heat test
21. Seed variation
22. Acid spotting
23. Water spotting

Dimensional Stability (Shrinkage) & Related Tests of Fabric and Apparel

1. Dimensional stability to washing
2. Dimensional stability to dry cleaning
3. Dimensional stability to ironing
4. Dimensional stability to a free stream
5. Dimensional stability to felting
6. Dimensional stability to relaxation
7. Appearance after laundering
8. Appearance after dry cleaning
9. Skewing of Fabric & Garments
10. Measurement of Bow & Skewness
11. Durability Wash of Garments
12. Garment cleaning
13. Care Label Variation
14. Care label recommendations

Strength Test of Yarn and Fabric

1. Tensile strength test
2. Single thread or yarn strength
3. Seam performance
4. Tear strength
5. Bonding Strength
6. Tenacity of yarn

Fabric Performance Test

1. Abrasion resistant
2. Peeling resistant-The friction of the fabric with the fabric causes the small fibers of the fabric to stick together and form small lumps, called pilling. As a result of this pilling, the quality of the fabric deteriorates, and the buyer does not want to take it because of the poor quality. So, this test is done as per the requirement of the customer.
3. Water resistant
4. Fabric stuffiness
5. Well repellency
6. Swell release
7. Bursting strength test
8. Air permeability test
9. Water vapor permeability
10. Winkle or crease recovery
11. Stretch & Recovery
12. Winking
13. Absorbency of Textiles
14. Water repellency test
15. Flammability test

Accessories Test of Apparel

1. Appearance after storage
2. Resistance to ironing
3. Zipper Strength
4. Zipper durability
5. Zipper operability
6. Sharing Strength of Hook & Loop Fasteners
7. Peeling Strength of Hook & Loop Fasteners
8. Unknapping of Knap Fasteners
9. Security of metallic buttons, rivets etc.
10. Security Off Button Nap
11. Strength of Button
12. Resistance to wash liquor
13. Button tension, torque & impact test
14. Small parts attachment
15. Button & Zipper Toxicity
16. Chain cross-wise test of a zipper
17. Element slippage strength
18. Element Pool of Strength
19. Open-end fastener box test

Testing of Garments

Some test is for garment form only, and cannot be done in the fabric stage.

1. CPSIA testing
2. Size fitting test by dummy
3. Mechanical Hazard/Sharp edges/ small part
4. Restricted substances Lists (RSL) test

Finally, Textile Testing is on different stages of textile materials from fiber to Clothing, here explained all stages one by one. Hope you would love this to read.

• Additionally, You may love to read: Types of Garments Test in the Apparel Industry
• Trims and Accessories Testing in Apparel Industry